Mustard RAISING IN POT / POLYBAG
How to manage a variety of businesses ranging from simple to really have besar.tak invaluable asset investment for the future. For that you can read some tricks effort titled How green cabbage cultivation in poly Easy and Practical save this place is complete with the following trick:
How to green mustard cultivation in poly Easy Save Points and Practical
Here mustard conventional cultivation techniques in land:
A. SEED.
Seed is one of the critical success factors of farming. Good seeds will produce plants that grow nice. Mustard seed requirement for every hectare of arable land of 750 grams.
Mustard seed is round, small. Shiny smooth surface and a bit harsh. Blackish brown seed coat color. Seed that will be used must have a good quality, if we have to consider buying a long storage, varieties, water content, temperature and keep it. It also should pay attention to the packaging must be intact seeds. Good packaging is with aluminum foil.
If we use the seeds from the pananaman we must pay attention to the quality of the seed, for example, plants that will be taken as the seed must be older than 70 days. And planting mustard seed that will be separate from other mustard plants. Also pay attention to the process that will be mesilnya with dianginkan, storage and expected duration of use of seeds no more than 3 years.
B. PROCESSING OF LAND.
Tillage generally do crumble and a raised bed. Stages pengemburan ie cultivation to improve soil structure and circulation of air and the provision of basic fertilizer to improve soil physical and chemical soil fertility would add that we will use.
Land to be digemburkan to be cleared of rocks, grass, shrubs or trees growing. And free of the shaded area, because of mustard like in direct sunlight.
While the depth of the soil dug as deep as 20 to 40 cm. Excellent organic fertilizer for soil preparation. As an example of good manure that is 10 tonnes / ha. Manure is given when the crumble so fast and evenly mixed with the soil that will be used.
If the area has a too low pH (acidic) should be performed calcification. Liming aims to raise the degree of soil keasam, liming is done long before planting the seed, which is approximately 2 to 4 weeks earlier. So a good time to do tilling the soil is 2-4 weeks before the land was about to be planted. Type of lime used is lime calcite (CaCO3) or dolomite (CaMg (CO3) 2).
C. BREEDING.
Seeding can be done simultaneously with the processing of the soil for planting. Because it is more efficient and more seeds will quickly adapt to its environment. Medium size nursery that is the width of 80-120 cm and a length of 1-3 meters. Rainfall is more than 200 mm / month, high beds 20-30 cm.
Two weeks before sowing, nursery sprinkled with manure and urea plus 20 grams, 10 grams of TSP, and 7.5 grams of Kcl.Cara do seeding is as follows: the seeds are sown, and then covered with soil about 1-2 cm, then doused with a sprayer, then observed 3-5 days the seeds will grow after the age of 3-4 weeks since seeded plants moved to the bed.
D. PLANTING.
Beds with a width of 120 cm and length according to the size of the plot. High beds 20-30 cm with the distance between beds of 30 cm, a week before planting fertilizing manure in advance ie 10 tonnes / ha, TSP 100 kg / ha, Kcl 75 kg / ha. Currently in a raised bed planting distance of 40 x 40 cm, 30 x 30 and 20 x 20 cm.
Pick a good seed, remove the seeds carefully, then make a hole with the size of 4-8 x 6-10 cm.
E. MAINTENANCE.
Maintenance is important. So will greatly affect the results to be obtained.
The first thing to note is watering, watering depends on the season, when the rainy season is considered excessive then we need to do a reduction in the water, but on the contrary when the dry season comes we have to add water for the adequacy of mustard plants we planted. If not too panaspenyiraman done just once a day afternoon or early morning.
The next stage is thinning, thinning performed 2 weeks after planting. How to pull plants that grow too tightly.
The next step taken is stitching, embroidery is the act of replacing it with a new crop plants. It is very easy that dead plant pests and diseases or replaced with new plants.
Weeding is usually done 2-4 times during the planting mustard, adjusted to the presence of weeds in planting beds. Usually weeding done 1 or 2 weeks after planting. If need be done in conjunction with the tilling and weeding pengguludan.
Additional fertilization was given after 3 weeks of planting, ie with urea 50 kg / ha. Can also with one teaspoon of about 25 grams dissolved in 25 liters of water can be sprayed to 5 m beds.
PLANTING vertikultur
Step - angkah vertikultur planting is as follows:
1. The seeds sown in a nursery box denagn sand media. Seed treated until ready ditanaman at the age of 14 days from seed sown.
2. Provide a planting medium soil top soil, manure, sand and compost in the ratio 2: 1: 1: 1 were mixed thoroughly.
3. Enter the planting medium mixture into polybags measuring 20 x 30 cm.
4. Move the plant seeds are ready to plant into polybags available. Plants were transferred normally have leaved 3-5 strands.
5. polybags are already planted arranged on shelves available on the Lath House.
PLANTING hydroponics.
Steps hydroponic cultivation is as follows:
1. Prepare the nursery container. Insert the media in the form of fine sand sterilized thick 3-4 cm. Sprinkle the seeds of mustard on it further up back with 0.5 cm thick sand layer.
2. Once the seedlings grow and leafy 3-5 strands (age 3-4 minggu0, seeds removed carefully, then the roots are washed with water until clean, the roots are too long can be cut.
3. planting tubs filled the bottom with thick sterile gravel 7-10 cm, then on top added a layer of coarse sand which also has a sterile 20 cm thick.
4. Make the planting hole with a distance of about 25 x 25 cm, enter the seed into the hole, cover the roots of seedlings with the media to pass through the root collar, try to position the seed perpendicular to the media.
5. Give the hydroponic solution through watering, can also be done with the administration of irigation drip system or other systems, new plants to grow further maintained.
PEST AND DISEASE
A. PEST.
1. Caterpillars growing point (Crocidolomia binotalis Zell.).
2. tritip caterpillar (Plutella maculipennis).
3. Snails (Agriolimas sp.).
4. Caterpillars Thepa javanica.
5. bristle worms (cut worms).
B. DISEASE.
1. pekuk root disease.
2. Alternaria leaf spot.
3. Wet Rot (soft root).
4. disease powdery mildew (downy mildew).
5. Disease fall seedlings (dumping off).
6. Late blight.
7. rot Rhizoctonia (bottom root).
8. Leaf spots.
9. mosaic virus.
HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST HANDLING.
In the case considered crucial harvesting harvesting and how to harvest. Harvesting mustard longest 70 days. The shortest lifespan of 40 days. First look at the physical plant such as color, shape and size of leaves. How to harvest there are two kinds of uprooting the whole plant and its roots and by cutting the base of the stem above the ground with a sharp knife.
Post-harvest mustard to note are:
1. Wash and sewerage.
2. Sorting.
3. Packaging.
4. penympanan.
5. Processing.
How to manage a variety of businesses ranging from simple to really have besar.tak invaluable asset investment for the future. For that you can read some tricks effort titled How green cabbage cultivation in poly Easy and Practical save this place is complete with the following trick:
How to green mustard cultivation in poly Easy Save Points and Practical
Here mustard conventional cultivation techniques in land:
A. SEED.
Seed is one of the critical success factors of farming. Good seeds will produce plants that grow nice. Mustard seed requirement for every hectare of arable land of 750 grams.
Mustard seed is round, small. Shiny smooth surface and a bit harsh. Blackish brown seed coat color. Seed that will be used must have a good quality, if we have to consider buying a long storage, varieties, water content, temperature and keep it. It also should pay attention to the packaging must be intact seeds. Good packaging is with aluminum foil.
If we use the seeds from the pananaman we must pay attention to the quality of the seed, for example, plants that will be taken as the seed must be older than 70 days. And planting mustard seed that will be separate from other mustard plants. Also pay attention to the process that will be mesilnya with dianginkan, storage and expected duration of use of seeds no more than 3 years.
B. PROCESSING OF LAND.
Tillage generally do crumble and a raised bed. Stages pengemburan ie cultivation to improve soil structure and circulation of air and the provision of basic fertilizer to improve soil physical and chemical soil fertility would add that we will use.
Land to be digemburkan to be cleared of rocks, grass, shrubs or trees growing. And free of the shaded area, because of mustard like in direct sunlight.
While the depth of the soil dug as deep as 20 to 40 cm. Excellent organic fertilizer for soil preparation. As an example of good manure that is 10 tonnes / ha. Manure is given when the crumble so fast and evenly mixed with the soil that will be used.
If the area has a too low pH (acidic) should be performed calcification. Liming aims to raise the degree of soil keasam, liming is done long before planting the seed, which is approximately 2 to 4 weeks earlier. So a good time to do tilling the soil is 2-4 weeks before the land was about to be planted. Type of lime used is lime calcite (CaCO3) or dolomite (CaMg (CO3) 2).
C. BREEDING.
Seeding can be done simultaneously with the processing of the soil for planting. Because it is more efficient and more seeds will quickly adapt to its environment. Medium size nursery that is the width of 80-120 cm and a length of 1-3 meters. Rainfall is more than 200 mm / month, high beds 20-30 cm.
Two weeks before sowing, nursery sprinkled with manure and urea plus 20 grams, 10 grams of TSP, and 7.5 grams of Kcl.Cara do seeding is as follows: the seeds are sown, and then covered with soil about 1-2 cm, then doused with a sprayer, then observed 3-5 days the seeds will grow after the age of 3-4 weeks since seeded plants moved to the bed.
D. PLANTING.
Beds with a width of 120 cm and length according to the size of the plot. High beds 20-30 cm with the distance between beds of 30 cm, a week before planting fertilizing manure in advance ie 10 tonnes / ha, TSP 100 kg / ha, Kcl 75 kg / ha. Currently in a raised bed planting distance of 40 x 40 cm, 30 x 30 and 20 x 20 cm.
Pick a good seed, remove the seeds carefully, then make a hole with the size of 4-8 x 6-10 cm.
E. MAINTENANCE.
Maintenance is important. So will greatly affect the results to be obtained.
The first thing to note is watering, watering depends on the season, when the rainy season is considered excessive then we need to do a reduction in the water, but on the contrary when the dry season comes we have to add water for the adequacy of mustard plants we planted. If not too panaspenyiraman done just once a day afternoon or early morning.
The next stage is thinning, thinning performed 2 weeks after planting. How to pull plants that grow too tightly.
The next step taken is stitching, embroidery is the act of replacing it with a new crop plants. It is very easy that dead plant pests and diseases or replaced with new plants.
Weeding is usually done 2-4 times during the planting mustard, adjusted to the presence of weeds in planting beds. Usually weeding done 1 or 2 weeks after planting. If need be done in conjunction with the tilling and weeding pengguludan.
Additional fertilization was given after 3 weeks of planting, ie with urea 50 kg / ha. Can also with one teaspoon of about 25 grams dissolved in 25 liters of water can be sprayed to 5 m beds.
PLANTING vertikultur
Step - angkah vertikultur planting is as follows:
1. The seeds sown in a nursery box denagn sand media. Seed treated until ready ditanaman at the age of 14 days from seed sown.
2. Provide a planting medium soil top soil, manure, sand and compost in the ratio 2: 1: 1: 1 were mixed thoroughly.
3. Enter the planting medium mixture into polybags measuring 20 x 30 cm.
4. Move the plant seeds are ready to plant into polybags available. Plants were transferred normally have leaved 3-5 strands.
5. polybags are already planted arranged on shelves available on the Lath House.
PLANTING hydroponics.
Steps hydroponic cultivation is as follows:
1. Prepare the nursery container. Insert the media in the form of fine sand sterilized thick 3-4 cm. Sprinkle the seeds of mustard on it further up back with 0.5 cm thick sand layer.
2. Once the seedlings grow and leafy 3-5 strands (age 3-4 minggu0, seeds removed carefully, then the roots are washed with water until clean, the roots are too long can be cut.
3. planting tubs filled the bottom with thick sterile gravel 7-10 cm, then on top added a layer of coarse sand which also has a sterile 20 cm thick.
4. Make the planting hole with a distance of about 25 x 25 cm, enter the seed into the hole, cover the roots of seedlings with the media to pass through the root collar, try to position the seed perpendicular to the media.
5. Give the hydroponic solution through watering, can also be done with the administration of irigation drip system or other systems, new plants to grow further maintained.
PEST AND DISEASE
A. PEST.
1. Caterpillars growing point (Crocidolomia binotalis Zell.).
2. tritip caterpillar (Plutella maculipennis).
3. Snails (Agriolimas sp.).
4. Caterpillars Thepa javanica.
5. bristle worms (cut worms).
B. DISEASE.
1. pekuk root disease.
2. Alternaria leaf spot.
3. Wet Rot (soft root).
4. disease powdery mildew (downy mildew).
5. Disease fall seedlings (dumping off).
6. Late blight.
7. rot Rhizoctonia (bottom root).
8. Leaf spots.
9. mosaic virus.
HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST HANDLING.
In the case considered crucial harvesting harvesting and how to harvest. Harvesting mustard longest 70 days. The shortest lifespan of 40 days. First look at the physical plant such as color, shape and size of leaves. How to harvest there are two kinds of uprooting the whole plant and its roots and by cutting the base of the stem above the ground with a sharp knife.
Post-harvest mustard to note are:
1. Wash and sewerage.
2. Sorting.
3. Packaging.
4. penympanan.
5. Processing.
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